From “Command and Control” to a Decentralized Marketing Model

It has occurred to me that the reason most companies (and corporate marketing departments in particular) just don’t get it when it comes to social media is that they are having a hard time leaving behind the rapidly receding world of asymmetrical communications – i.e., of top down, “command and control” programs, where the marketing department pushes out messages in one direction, generally with and through various media channels.

There is nothing that radical or insightful in the above statement, many have been saying for some time that marketing these days needs to be more of a conversation and less about one sided lectures and interruption.

The challenge is to find a practical way to put this into practice.  It seems to me that success will mean first understanding that old style, top down marketing tactics will seem increasingly shrill and out of step.

Instead, forward thinking companies will become more decentralized in their marketing and communications.  They will increasingly put tools out there to arm influencers, peers, enthusiasts, customers and prospects, as well as employees – and then get out of the way and let the magic happen.  This means providing brand stewards and fans with tools and content to help them spread the word.

The loss of control that comes with a decentralized approach may seem scary.  Here’s a news flash: we really have no choice because it is happening anyway.   Brands lost control over the message long ago.

A decentralized approach does not necessarily mean resigning yourself to having the “unwashed masses” run roughshod over your brand as they pull it in a million directions while you stand by powerlessly.  Marketers can and should listen and engage when appropriate – not in a heavy handed way, but with the right approach you (and your fellow brand loyalists) can defend the brand and gently try to guide the dialog where appropriate.

Dave Evans said this very eloquently in his recent ClickZ piece Take Control by Letting Go.

Relax the reins on your social efforts, and let your participation and
the great experiences you create with your operations team guide the
conversations. When they take an odd twist, don’t panic: Instead, jump
in and gently guide the conversation. Be a part of it. Ultimately, if
what you deliver syncs with the values of your customers, the
conversation will go where you want. That’s a beautiful thing.

In an article in Media Post Online Spin a couple of weeks ago, Joe Marchese posed the question:

There is a quiet battle raging in the
advertising industry over who will become the Agency of Record (AOR)
for marketers’ social media efforts.

In light of the above, I am not sure I agree with the premise that monolithic AORs are the way of the future.

I’ll be blogging more on this topic so please stay tuned.

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PR and the Decline of Western Civilization

USA Today reviewed the book "PR: A Persuasive Industry? Spin, Public Relations and the Shaping of Modern Media"

I have not read the book yet, but the review included some interesting tidbits worth commenting on.

The authors are apparently from the field of PR (can you really call PR an "industry").  Judging from the title, anyway, it would seem to be a sensationalistic and negative take on the profession, although, according to the reviewer, the authors take a balanced view.

Reviewer Seth Brown starts out by noting: Public relations, oddly enough does not have great PR.

A little later he says: Industry professionals come down on both sides of the issue.  Some say that PR is generally truthful while other say that white lies are part of the job.  A poll of insiders revealed that most don't feel that telling the truth is part of the job.

Here it is not clear whether he is getting this from the book or from other sources; a reference would have been nice.  I am not sure what "insiders" were polled, but it seems like an outrageous statement that everyone I know in PR would dispute.

At worst it seems downright inflammatory and inaccurate, at best it presents a naive and incomplete view.  As anyone skilled in the art of rhetoric knows – politicians, lawyers, pundits, educators, yes journalists, too – there are many shades of truth and presenting a side of reality that is consistent with your worldview while not going out of your way to simultaneously argue an opposing view is not quite the same thing as being a liar.

Another interesting conclusion has to do with PR's role as being a major influencer of the news of the day.  Obviously, an important goal of PR is to get our clients portrayed prominently and favorably in the media.  Despite the (at best) ambivalent view of journalists towards PR, according to the review:

Yet without the PR industry, Morris and Goldsworthy argue, there would be little news.  A 2008 study of news stories in U.K. newspapers found that more than half contained mostly PR material.  A study in the Columbia Journalism Review found that more than half the stories in an edition of the Wall Street Journal "were based solely on press releases."

Here I feel very mixed.  On the one hand I am impressed that we apparently have this much of a role in shaping the news.  On the other hand, again, this does not seem to jibe with reality and I am sure the good hard working journalists at the respective publications would take issue with the conclusions.

The review does say that it is not easy to evaluate the role pf PR, and correctly notes that PR is low cost when compared with advertising.  According to the Seth Brown, the authors do defend PR and say that it is by itself amoral, hard to define and important to a free press.

Brown concludes: If you are looking for a book to conclusively answer your PR questions, keep looking.

What questions?  Does everything need to have precise boundaries and be easily reduced?

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Advanced Media Training: Preparing for the Larry King Show

So congratulations, you have secured that all important gig on CNN’s Larry King show.

What does one do to prepare for this?  The video below offers some assistance.  It provides a simulator that will take you though the rigors of an actual Larry King interview.

Watch it, learn and enjoy. Make sure to hold on to your seat, though, the ride can be harrowing at times.

Larry King Simulator Prepares Astronauts for Rigors of an Interview with Larry King (The Onion)

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Observations from the Tech PR Front Lines

There are a bunch of conversations, thoughts and resources I had meant to turn some into blog posts over the past few weeks.  Working under the theory that one big post is better than a bunch of minor ones, I thought I’d blog this cathartic recitation.

First I’d like to point out what many in the business already know – that the economy has not ignored the tech sector in general, including tech PR and I can’t remember a time when there are more genuinely talented people on the streets – at all levels – looking for work.

A friend of mine – a tech heavy hitter who has held C -level gigs at IBM and startups – predicted that the only professionals who will be spared are those who have hard skills that contribute to the bottom line.  In the realm of marketing services, he specifically called out performance marketing.

This WSJ article talks about some recent advances in performance-driven advertising.  This Wikipedia definition of Affiliate Marketing has a section on Performance Marketing.  What it generally means is that the advertiser does not pay unless someone takes an action, for example clicks on an ad or search result.  The logic behind this is that advertisers pay based on users’ actions that send out some kind buying sign or interest that is more than just casual.

Sounds alluring, until you learn about a sobering statistic that NY Times reported yesterday:

In the last quarter, an estimated 17.1 percent of all clicks on
Internet advertisements were fraudulently generated, according to Click
Forensics, a firm that analyzes traffic on behalf of advertisers and ad
networks.

As I have mentioned in this blog, more of the work I have been involved with these days relates to using PR and direct marketing for sales lead generation.

The Value of PR, Especially for Smaller Tech Companies

We gathered some info to help a client contact get additional funding for PR.  Part of this was documenting the results we had achieved, and we also chatted with some journalists.  One well-known tech reporter at a major daily said that he is obligated to cover the major vendors, and probably would not get to the smaller ones without a push from PR.

Online vs. Print Results

I met with a former client who rose from marketing VP (when we last worked with him) to his current role of COO for a small tech services company.  He has less hands-on involvement with PR these days than when we worked him, yet still perceived the shift in our business – the rise in importance of online media and retrenchment of tech trades.

In another sign of the times, we are planning a large campaign and the client specifically said he was most interested in online coverage.

This post (inactive) by Paul Gillin yesterday talks about how some online placements did better for him than a hit in The New Yorker

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Into the Vortex: Our Turn in front of the News Cameras

Our family had a pretty wild experience this weekend.  Being in the PR business, I try to keep anCaprec
ear to the ground as far as what stories the news media are working on.  My colleague Lisa alerted me that The CBS Early Show was looking for a family to test out a new mobile application for an exclusive story they were pursuing.

I am normally camera shy, and so is my wife, but my two teen daughters are constantly wondering how their dad’s somewhat baffling profession can somehow get them on TV.  To my wife’s chagrin (and daughters’ delight), I volunteered us for the story.

This resulted in the CBS team – including CBS News Contributor Natali Del Conte, and producers Matt and Joy coming to our house on Saturday and spending lots of time with us.  They were an extremely professional crew, and a pleasure to work with.

Unforeseen glitches occurred when Google ran into problems (see the InformationWeek story).  Also, cell phone coverage is spotty in our area, particularly for T Mobile, the network for the Android pones they equipped us with.  This made it a little harder to capture scenes in which we were using the phones and application – a location-based service called Latitude that combines Google maps and cell technology to help friends and families keep tabs on one another.  Also, the scarcity of cell towers in our area made it a bit harder to pinpoint our specific locations because the technology relies on triangulation (the advantage, on the other hand, is that you do not need special GPS-equipped phones).

They left us with the phones, and video cameras to record our experiences.  When it turned out they needed more footage, Joy gamely came out to our house at 4:45AM on Monday morning to capture a morning-in-the-life (my wife is up and out of the house very early) on camera.   Joy then proceeded to follow me onto my Metro North train and film my morning commute, which was bit surreal.

They say in the PR profession that you are not the story, we generally labor away behind the scenes.   Having said that, being part of this story was a great learning experience for me.   From a tech PR perspective, I learned more about CNET’s integration with CBS news  (Natali is also host of Loaded on CNET TV), and how a piece like this gets produced.   I got a chance to meet Natali and the others (I joked with them that they would never get rid of me now).

We had the opportunity to work with a pretty cool application, and had great fun with the Android, a super phone.  And it was a blast for the entire family, to be on a major network news show.

Click here (inactive) to view the finished piece, which ran this morning

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Fed Up

I am consumed by feeds.   RSS, social network updates and Twitter provide an unprecedented ability to tune in to content and conversations and catch what is being buzzed about almost instantly.

Services like Ping.fm let you update several feeds from one place.  FriendFeed  gives you a way to monitor the various streams of friends and influencers.

I tell my teams here that if you have the (if not quite God-given, OK Twitter-given) gift to tune into what the top influencers are buzzing about from moment to moment, why would you not do that?  And indeed we are, in increasing numbers, and finding that the technology can be another way to understand and engage with those who have reach into audiences of interest.

Where is all of this going?  Will people tire of all this chatter?  Will they at some point just stop pinging, Tweeting, etc.?

One thing is for sure, I am more convinced than ever that Web 3.0 = social Web, forget the semantic Web, what is really exciting is the ability to crowdsource, make connections and search and manage knowledge (the semantic Web crowd will say they do the latter but we are still waiting for a way to do this that does not involve a forklift upgrade effort).

I am still looking for a better way to organize all this information.   Please comment here if you know of any console that can let me define a rich set of rules, tailor what is presented and how, and alert me to what is important.

I feel some of the most exciting work will be in the area of search and presentation of Web-based information, this blog has covered some of the newer entrants.  The search incumbents should be afraid, very afraid, and are hopefully hard at work on the challenge too.

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How SMBs can Build Sales with Social Media

In her Handshake 2.0 blog post, Anne Giles Clelland nicely summarized a discussion consisting of threads across email, Twitter, blogs and telephone about affordable ways for small businesses to leverage social media for increased sales.

I thought I’d reiterate some of the core concepts and add a few new thoughts and links here.

Power of Self Publishing
Among the ideas we discussed is something I’ve called user-generated PR. Others have referred to the same idea as “vendor as publisher.” There are more places than ever to post your content. Find an online forum where your buyers are likely to congregate and determine what opportunities there are to get your content posted.

In general, the copy should be educational and not self-promotional. Still, a thought-provoking piece gets your name out there and offers the opportunity to link back to your website.

Establish a Digital Identity
Speaking of linking back, you will need to establish and build a digital identity. This means your businesses website, of course (see TechNewsWorld’s series on building a small business website) but it can also mean building out the brand by launching a blog about your speciality, and profiles on social networks that are appropriate for your niche.

These days most people go online to explore purchasing options and get the information they need to make buying decisions. As Anne says, Contact=Sales, and contacts are increasingly made online these days, on Twitter, blogs and social networks.

There are affordable ways to launch websites and blogs, and micros sites and landing pages – the Web destinations that provide a “welcome mat” to new business prospects, and help you capture their information through a registration form. However, if you are someone, who wants to build a website by yourself from scratch, you may want to start by trying to learn the basics of website creation. You can look for video resources such as how to create a website guide, web designing, website building with WordPress, and other such e-materials on the web that might come in help.

The Brand of “You” and the Power of News
Media Post had an article The Personal CPM: Quirky Idea or Future Marketing Reality?. According to the article, Forrester’s Charlene Li

hypothesizes that marketers will bid for access to personal social networking profiles with greater reach and influence among their peers.

I wrote about something similar in U R The Media on the Fusion PR Forum blog.

Back in the day, we called PR “media marketing,” the thought being that communications with information intermediaries like journalists required a special approach. These days, the reader of your news could just as easily be a prospective customer, who can discover the information in a Google search. So let’s not forget the power of news, and the press release.

For example, holiday product releases ought to be planned to meet the deadlines, and this is where scheduling software helps. When backed by substance and written well, news releases are less likely to be dismissed as just spam, even though one of the goals for your press release can be similar to the goals of a direct marketing campaign: generate customer demand for your new offerings.

The press release offers a non-threatening approach because the wrapper connotes news and information, it is more appealing in my opinion than a hypey direct email piece.

As Anne so eloquently says, it is The Great Forward. Each person can be a reflector, and the news can spread virally as search engines index it, and it is shared across social networks and news sites.

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Closing the Empathy Gap in Tech PR

The NY Times featured an interview with Dev Patnaik, author of "Wired to Care", about the importance of developing a sense of empathy with customers.  His main point is that, despite all the noise that is made about the need to innovate, an "empathy gap" – the emotional and experiential disconnect between companies and the customers they serve – is often the real stumbling block for many.

Companies that scored well on the empathy scale, according to the author, include IBM, Target, Nike and Harley Davidson.

One example of companies missing the mark as a group are U.S. auto manufacturers (it seems they can do no right these days).  According to the article:

In Detroit, employees get discounted cars, executives receive a new car once or even several
times a year. They never take it to a car wash and they park in an
executive parking lot. Some don’t even drive the car themselves. If you
have no firsthand, real-world experience with your own products or
people who use your products, it’s very hard to make good decisions
about what people want to buy.

The topic got me thinking about ways to show empathy in the PR agency world.

The first step is to really care about the clients' success.  Without caring, it is pretty much guaranteed that you will not be successful.

Above and beyond that, you need to get a sense of what it is like to inhabit their worlds.  This may come more naturally for those who have worked on the client side in PR, or have worked in other roles in industry. 

It means truly tuning into the conversations during briefings and resisting the temptation to multitask.   It means observing clients "in the wild" by attending trade shows and other customer events, watching the demos, seeing how they engage with their customers and listening to the questions they get.

It means sometimes attending clients internal meetings, e.g. sales meetings are a great forum for understanding the marketplace realities that customers face.  it means getting first hand experience with their products where possible, and talking to friends who work in industry and are familiar with your client's market space to get their take of "the word on the street".   It means becoming familiar with how your clients get info and actually reading complete articles that are relevant.   Most important, it means being on the same page with clients in terms of goal setting and how they view success.

If this sounds too hard, or you think it will take too much time away from other activities, remember the goal is simply not to just to enjoy koombaya moments with clients (although that is a beautiful thing too, of course).  In learning about your clients and the worlds they inhabit, you will actually do a better job because this inevitably leads to ideas that you can take to your other important customers, the media.

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Web 2.0 Montetization for the SMB

Anne Giles Clelland posed an interesting question via Twitter about Web 2.0 monetization strategies for the SMB.   It is a great question, and one a lot of people are asking these days: “cut through all the hype, what can this technology really do for my business in a tough economy?”

The question is not an easy one to answer in general terms because there are so many different types of businesses, and the term “Web 2.0” is a bit amorphous.

But I’ll do my best.

There are direct and indirect monetization strategies. When it comes to direct monetization, there are two primary vehicles: ads and subscriptions.

Both have there ins and outs, people have proven to be pretty reluctant to pay subscriptions for information or buy Web memberships.  Despite all the attention given to the long tail, unless you have beaucoup traffic you will not make much from ads.

Forrester recently came out with a report on community platforms, which was mentioned on Read Write Web (inactive).   These are solutions that let you leverage various Web 2.0 technologies to put in place anything from a simple blog or website to Web-based hubs that help build community amongst your extended business network including customers, prospective customers and partners.

Near-Time, a vendor that I have worked with quite a bit over the years, is a provider of one such platform.   It combines blogs, Wikis, file sharing and calendars.  As an example, Near-Time makes it easy to put up a Web-based community that you can monetize by running ads.   It also features an e- commerce engine that lets you charge for premium content and access to private forums.

Community platforms are ideal for information-rich businesses.  For example, Near Time has been used by publishers (traditional and online, consumer and B2B), analysts and consultants.  Their website also lists customers in retirements benefits and staff augmentation.

In terms of indirect monetization, many are using Web 2.0 types of tools such as blogging and micro-blogging to build awareness of their offerings, establish reputations and drive traffic to the their websites.   Handshake 2.0 can help small and mid-sized businesses with this.  The agency I work for, Fusion PR, helps tech companies leverage social media for PR and demand generation.

Although soft benefits seem less compelling these days, it would be a mistake to ignore the potential of Web 2.0 to improve communications, support and collaboration amongst customers and business partners.  Web 2.0 tools like RSS, and many different types of search can help you keep your finger on the pulse of the marketplace.

Better communications and information inevitably lead to stronger bonds with customers and better business decisions for those who master these tools and act on the information gained.

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Obama, A Boon for Tech

They say all politics is local, my “neighborhod” is tech.

I don’t want to appear to be myopic by focusing on just this aspect of the Obama administration amidst all the inauguration after glow. But let’s face it, the sector can use all the help that it can get, and it is great to have a President who really gets it when it comes to tech.

From his attachment to his BlackBerry, to his co opting of social media as a communications platform, to his views on building out our broadband infrastructure and healthcare information systems (see this Healthcare IT News piece), you can tell that Obama is literate and forward thinking when it comes to tech.

This Portfolio article (inactive) talks about the positive reception for his FCC pick and links to Obama’s Technology and Innovation Plan.

The right will continue to grouse that he is a liberal tax and spender, and find every way to undermine and criticize.

Yet it is pretty clear that the government needs to continue to do its part in getting the economy going and part of this is spending on public works. As I have long maintained, continuing to build out our information highway is no less vital than investing in physical infrastructure. Other nations are ahead of us on this. (People might think we are doing fine here, but weren’t the Internet “pipes” slow yesterday – what did that do to productivity? What about the digital divide and widespread availability of mobile broadband?)

And stimulating the development of better methods for pooling and sharing medical records will lead to dividends in fewer medical errors, better information for research, and ultimately better health care at lower costs.

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